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Narrating Victory, Enabling Exit: Discursive Control in the May 2025 India-Pakistan Crisis
India and Pakistan each emerged from the May 2025 India-Pakistan conflict, which has been widely assessed as one of the most intense military confrontations between the two nuclear-armed rivals in decades, claiming their own victory and restraint. This represents a…
Falsehoods in Conflict: Disinformation in India-Pakistan Crises and Lessons for the Future
On May 7, 2025, a student at Jamia Millia Islamia University in New Delhi panicked upon seeing televised reports claiming a Pakistani strike on her hometown of Sopore in Indian-administered Kashmir. Across the border, footage on social media of a…
طالبان کے قبضے کے بعد افغانستان میں غیر مصدقہ اطلاعات: مواد، وجوہات، نتائج
Note: Some of the hyperlinks in this essay lead to graphic images. اگست ۲۰۲۱ میں افغانستان پر طالبان کے قبضے نے ملک کے بارے میں غیرمصدقہ اطلاعات کی ایک لہر کو جنم دیا۔ طالبان کی اقتدار میں آمد اور نیٹو…
Afghanistan Misinformation After the Taliban Takeover: Content, Causes, Consequences
Note: Some of the hyperlinks in this essay lead to graphic images. The Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021 has produced a surge of misinformation about the country. It has been fueled by information shortages that emerged following the…
The TLP, Social Media, and Recurring Cycles of Violence
The number of internet users in Pakistan has continued to skyrocket—growing by 11 million users between 2020 and 2021 alone. As observers of the digital world are well aware, while expanding internet access can spur economic development it has also…