2025 was an eventful year in South Asia. From the May conflict between India and Pakistan to the political revolution in Nepal and the devastating cyclone in Sri Lanka, the region witnessed major developments in security, economics, and politics. Elsewhere, persistent challenges—including the elusive political transition in Bangladesh, Pakistan-Afghanistan border instability, and public discontent over governance in the Maldives—continued to generate uncertainty. In this annual SAV series, contributors from each South Asian nation examine the events of the past year and discuss dynamics to watch in the year ahead.
