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A Renewed Focus on India’s Border Management
In February, India’s Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the new Vibrant Villages program in the Union Budget for FY 2022-23. The policy aims to re-populate and reverse migration from border villages in Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and Arunachal Pradesh through improved…
How Afghanistan’s Political Turmoil Affects the Border Fence Question
As Pakistan nears completion of its border fencing project along the Durand Line, tensions simmer with the Taliban over the legitimacy of Pakistan’s territorial claim on areas spanning from the Afghanistan-Pakistan border to the Indus River. According to reports, Pakistani…
Arunachal Pradesh in Beijing’s Security Calculus: Watching the Eastern Sector of the Sino-Indian Border
Arunachal Pradesh is swiftly emerging as a point of heated discord between India and China. On December 29, 2021, China upped the ante and announced its decision to “standardize” the names of 15 places in Arunachal—which Chinese maps depict as…
Is China Undermining Nepal’s Border Along its Himalayan Frontier?
There were few democratic countries as close geographically or as inclined politically, as Nepal was to China under KP Sharma Oli. Under the tenure of its ousted former Prime Minister, Kathmandu was eager to offset a perceived overreliance on India…
Bhutan’s Coming Border Crisis with China
In early April 2021, the 10th Expert Group Meeting, a joint Sino-Bhutanese delegation which includes Bhutan’s Ambassador to India, Major General Vetsop Namgyel, met in Kunming, China. Their goal: to lay the groundwork for the 25th round of negotiations later…
Challenges to Subnational Diplomacy: The Tangled Roots of Punjab
Since the partition of Punjab—a consequence of the wider India-Pakistan partition in 1947—the “Land of Five Waters” has been the focal point of a war-inducing water dispute and widespread bloodshed. Conservative estimates put the death toll within Punjab during the…